The following code example demonstrates how to catch an InvalidDataException when reading a file that is expected to be in a specific format.

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;

public class Example
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        try
        {
            // Assume this simulates reading from a corrupted file
            ProcessData("corrupted_data.bin");
        }
        catch (InvalidDataException ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("An error occurred while processing data:");
            Console.WriteLine($"Message: {ex.Message}");
            Console.WriteLine($"Stack Trace: {ex.StackTrace}");
        }
        catch (IOException ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"An IO error occurred: {ex.Message}");
        }
    }

    public static void ProcessData(string filePath)
    {
        using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Open))
        using (BinaryReader reader = new BinaryReader(fs))
        {
            // Simulate reading data that is expected to be a certain format
            // but turns out to be corrupted.
            // For example, if we expect an integer but read bytes that don't form a valid int.

            if (fs.Length < 4) // Example validation
            {
                throw new InvalidDataException("File is too short to contain valid data.");
            }

            byte[] buffer = new byte[4];
            int bytesRead = fs.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);

            if (bytesRead < 4)
            {
                 throw new InvalidDataException("Could not read enough bytes for data.");
            }

            // Attempt to interpret the data (this could lead to InvalidDataException if malformed)
            // For demonstration purposes, let's assume some arbitrary interpretation logic that might fail.
            // In a real scenario, this would involve parsing specific structures.
            
            // Example: trying to interpret as a string
            try {
                string data = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer);
                if (data.Contains("INVALID")) // Arbitrary check
                {
                    throw new InvalidDataException("The data content is invalid.");
                }
                Console.WriteLine($"Read data: {data}");
            } catch (Exception e) {
                throw new InvalidDataException("Failed to parse data format.", e);
            }
        }
    }
}