Best Practices
Welcome to the comprehensive guide on best practices for building robust, maintainable, and performant web applications. Follow these recommendations to improve code quality, collaboration, and user experience.
1. Project Structure
Organize files in a predictable hierarchy. Example:
src/
├─ assets/
│ ├─ images/
│ └─ styles/
├─ components/
├─ pages/
├─ utils/
└─ index.html
2. Coding Standards
Adopt a consistent style guide (e.g., Airbnb for JavaScript). Enable linting and formatting tools.
3. Accessibility (a11y)
- Use semantic HTML.
- Provide alt text for images.
- Ensure sufficient contrast.
- Implement keyboard navigation.
4. Performance
Key techniques:
- Lazy‑load images and components.
- Compress assets (GZIP/Brotli).
- Leverage browser caching.
- Minify CSS/JS.
5. Security
- Sanitize user input.
- Use HTTPS everywhere.
- Apply Content Security Policy.
- Store secrets securely.
6. Testing
Write automated tests with a clear hierarchy:
unit/
integration/
e2e/
7. Deployment
Automate CI/CD pipelines, use containerization (Docker), and monitor with health checks.
8. Maintenance
Keep dependencies up‑to‑date, document APIs, and conduct regular code reviews.