Python Data Types

Introduction

Python boasts a rich set of built-in data types, enabling you to store and manipulate various kinds of information. Understanding these types is crucial for writing effective Python code.

Fundamental Data Types

1. Numeric Types

These types are used to represent numbers.

• Integers (int): Whole numbers without any decimal point (e.g., 10, -5, 0).
• Floating-Point Numbers (float): Numbers with a decimal point (e.g., 3.14, -2.5).

2. Sequence Types

These types allow you to store an ordered sequence of items.

• Strings (str): Immutable sequences of characters (e.g., "Hello", 'World').
• Lists (list): Mutable ordered sequences of items (e.g., [1, 2, 3], ['a', 'b', 'c']).
• Tuples (tuple): Immutable ordered sequences of items (e.g., (1, 2, 3), ('a', 'b', 'c')).

3. Mapping Type

A mapping type stores data in key-value pairs.

• Dictionaries (dict): Keys must be unique and immutable, while values can be of any data type (e.g., {'name': 'John', 'age': 30}).

4. Set Types

These types store a collection of unique, unordered items.

• Sets (set): Unordered collections of unique elements.
• Frozensets (frozenset): Immutable versions of sets.

5. Boolean Type

Represents truth values: True or False.

                
                    # Example:  Checking if a number is even
                    def is_even(number):
                        if number % 2 == 0:
                            return True
                        else:
                            return False
                    
                    print(is_even(4))  # Output: True
                    print(is_even(7))  # Output: False