Understanding IP Configuration in Windows

Proper IP configuration is essential for network connectivity on Windows machines. This guide walks you through the most common tasks: viewing, setting, and troubleshooting IP settings.

Viewing Current IP Settings

Open Command Prompt or PowerShell and run:

ipconfig /all

This command displays detailed information for each network adapter, including IPv4/IPv6 addresses, subnet mask, default gateway, and DNS servers.

Setting a Static IP Address

Use the netsh utility or the GUI:

Using netsh

netsh interface ip set address name="Ethernet" static 192.168.1.100 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1
netsh interface ip set dns name="Ethernet" static 8.8.8.8 primary

Using GUI

1. Open Settings → Network & Internet → Ethernet.
2. Click Change adapter options.
3. Right‑click your adapter → Properties.
4. Select Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4) → Properties.
5. Choose Use the following IP address and fill in the fields.

Renewing/DHCP Release

ipconfig /release
ipconfig /renew

These commands force the adapter to request a new lease from the DHCP server.

Troubleshooting Tips

• Verify cable connections and Wi‑Fi signal strength.
• Check for IP conflicts using arp -a.
• Reset the TCP/IP stack: netsh int ip reset.
• Review Event Viewer → System logs for network errors.

For more advanced scenarios, see the Advanced IP Settings article.