WPF API Overview
Welcome to the Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) API documentation. This overview provides a high-level understanding of the core components, namespaces, and concepts within WPF.
Note: WPF is a powerful UI framework for building Windows desktop applications with rich visual experiences. It separates the user interface from the application logic, enabling more flexible and maintainable development.
Key Concepts and Architectures
WPF is built on a rich set of features and architectural principles:
1. Extensible Application Markup Language (XAML)
XAML is an XML-based declarative language used to define user interfaces. It allows for a clear separation between the presentation layer and the code-behind logic.
XAML Example
<Window x:Class="MyWpfApp.MainWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
Title="My WPF Application" Height="350" Width="525">
<Grid>
<TextBlock Text="Hello, WPF!"
HorizontalAlignment="Center"
VerticalAlignment="Center"
FontSize="24"/>
</Grid>
</Window>
2. Dependency Properties
Dependency properties are a new type of property system introduced by WPF. They provide advanced features such as property value inheritance, data binding, styling, and animation.
3. Routed Events
WPF introduces routed events, which can travel through the element tree of an application. This allows events to be handled by any element along the route, not just the source element.
4. Data Binding
The data binding system in WPF enables a flexible connection between UI elements and data sources. This significantly simplifies the process of displaying and manipulating data.
5. Styles and Templates
Styles allow you to define reusable appearance properties for UI elements. Control templates enable complete customization of a control's visual structure and behavior.
Core Namespaces
The WPF framework is organized into several key namespaces:
Common Namespaces
System.Windows
: Contains fundamental classes for WPF applications, includingWindow
,Control
, andDependencyObject
.System.Windows.Controls
: Provides a rich set of UI controls such asButton
,TextBox
,ListView
, andDataGrid
.System.Windows.Media
: Deals with graphics, imaging, and multimedia, including classes for drawing, brushes, transformations, and animations.System.Windows.Shapes
: Defines primitive shapes likeRectangle
,Ellipse
, andLine
.System.Windows.Data
: Houses the classes for WPF's data binding capabilities.System.Windows.Documents
: Supports rich text capabilities, includingFlowDocument
andTextRange
.
Application Structure
A typical WPF application consists of:
- Application Object: Represented by the
System.Windows.Application
class, it manages application-level events and resources. - Windows: Top-level containers for UI, typically inheriting from
System.Windows.Window
. - Pages: Reusable UI content that can navigate between different states or views.
- UserControls: Composite controls that encapsulate a set of UI elements and their behavior.
- Code-behind: C# or VB.NET code that provides the logic and event handling for the XAML UI.
Further Reading
Explore the following sections for more in-depth information: