Transact-SQL Functions

This section provides detailed information about the built-in functions available in Transact-SQL (T-SQL) for Microsoft SQL Server.

Aggregate Functions

`AVG()`

Calculates the average value of an expression.

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`COUNT()`

Counts the number of rows or non-NULL values in an expression.

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`MAX()`

Returns the maximum value in a set of expressions.

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`MIN()`

Returns the minimum value in a set of expressions.

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`SUM()`

Calculates the sum of values in an expression.

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Scalar Functions

`CAST()` / `CONVERT()`

Converts an expression from one data type to another.

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`GETDATE()`

Returns the current database system date and time.

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`LEN()` / `DATALENGTH()`

Returns the length of a string or the number of bytes in an expression.

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`SUBSTRING()`

Returns a part of a character string.

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`UPPER()` / `LOWER()`

Returns the given string in uppercase or lowercase.

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`ISNULL()`

Replaces NULL with a specified replacement value.

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Table-Valued Functions

`OPENJSON()`

Parses JSON text and returns objects and properties as a rowset.

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`EOMONTH()`

Returns the last day of the month that contains the specified date.

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System Functions

`DB_NAME()`

Returns the name of the specified database.

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`USER_NAME()`

Returns the user name associated with the specified user ID.

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