Introduction to Algorithms

Algorithms are fundamental to computer science. They are sets of rules or procedures that a computer can follow to solve a specific problem. Efficient algorithms are crucial for software development, data processing, and performance optimization.

Different types of algorithms exist, each with its strengths and weaknesses. Understanding these differences is essential for selecting the most appropriate algorithm for a given task.

Here's a brief overview of some core algorithmic concepts:

• Sorting:** Arranging data into a specific order (e.g., quicksort, mergesort).
• Searching:** Finding a specific element within a collection (e.g., binary search).
• Graph Algorithms:** Dealing with relationships between entities (e.g., shortest path, graph traversal).
• Dynamic Programming:** Solving problems by breaking them down into overlapping subproblems.