Azure Public IP Addresses
Public IP addresses allow internet resources to communicate with your Azure resources. They are essential for making your services accessible from the public internet.
Understanding Public IP Addresses
An Azure Public IP address is a resource that provides an IPv4 or IPv6 address from Azure's pool of addresses to your Azure resources. This IP address is routable over the internet.
Key characteristics:
- Global Uniqueness: Each public IP address assigned to a resource is unique globally.
- Dynamic vs. Static: You can assign a public IP address dynamically (reassigned on VM restart or scale-out) or statically (remains the same until explicitly disassociated).
- Association: Public IP addresses can be associated with various Azure resources like Virtual Machines, Load Balancers, Application Gateways, VPN Gateways, and more.
Types of Public IP Addresses
Azure offers two main types of public IP addresses:
1. Standard SKU
The Standard SKU is the recommended SKU for most production scenarios. It offers:
- Availability Zones: Supports zonal and zone-redundant configurations for high availability.
- Security: Provides Network Security Group (NSG) association by default.
- Advanced Features: Includes features like IP prefix, UDR, and BGP.
- Association: Can be associated with most Azure resources.
2. Basic SKU
The Basic SKU is a legacy SKU and is not recommended for new deployments. It has limitations:
- No Availability Zones: Does not support Availability Zones.
- NSG Association: NSG association is optional and not enforced.
- Limited Features: Lacks advanced features.
- Association: Primarily associated with Virtual Machines.
SKU Comparison
Here's a quick comparison:
| Feature | Standard SKU | Basic SKU |
|---|---|---|
| Availability Zones | Yes | No |
| NSG Association | Required | Optional |
| Recommended For | Production Workloads | Legacy/Testing |
Public IP Addresses and DNS Integration
You can configure a DNS reverse lookup for your public IP addresses, which maps the IP address back to a hostname. This is often used for compliance or logging purposes.
You can also associate a DNS label with your public IP address. This creates a fully qualified domain name (FQDN) that points to your public IP address. For example, if you set a DNS label to mywebapp, it will create an FQDN like mywebapp.westus.cloudapp.azure.com (the domain suffix depends on the region).
This FQDN can then be used to access your resource:
ping mywebapp.westus.cloudapp.azure.com
Note: When using a DNS label, Azure automatically creates an A record (for IPv4) or AAAA record (for IPv6) in Azure DNS that points to your public IP address.
Public IP Address Pricing
Azure Public IP addresses have associated costs. Pricing varies based on:
- SKU: Standard SKU addresses generally have a higher cost than Basic SKU addresses.
- Type: Static IP addresses incur a cost per hour, whereas Dynamic IP addresses are free when associated with a running resource but incur a cost when the resource is deallocated.
- Region: Pricing can vary slightly between Azure regions.
- Data Transfer: Standard data transfer rates apply for traffic flowing through public IP addresses.
It's important to review the official Azure pricing page for the most up-to-date information.