Linux Documentation

Introduction to Linux

Linux is a family of open-source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel. It's known for its stability, security, and flexibility, making it a popular choice for servers, embedded systems, and desktop environments.

Key Features:

• Open Source and Free
• Multi-user and Multi-tasking
• Highly Secure
• Robust Command-Line Interface (CLI)
• Vast Software Repository

Installation Guides

Learn how to install various Linux distributions. We provide step-by-step guides for popular options like Ubuntu, CentOS, and Fedora.

Ubuntu Installation

Follow our detailed guide for installing Ubuntu Server on your hardware:

Ubuntu Server Installation Guide

CentOS Stream Installation

Setting up CentOS Stream for development and production environments:

CentOS Stream Installation Guide

Essential Linux Commands

Mastering the command line is crucial for efficient Linux usage. Here are some fundamental commands:

File and Directory Management

• ls: List directory contents.
• cd: Change directory.
• pwd: Print working directory.
• mkdir: Make directory.
• rmdir: Remove directory.
• cp: Copy files and directories.
• mv: Move or rename files and directories.
• rm: Remove files or directories.

System Information

• uname: Print system information.
• df: Report file system disk space usage.
• du: Estimate file space usage.
• top: Display Linux processes.

Text Manipulation

• cat: Concatenate and display files.
• grep: Print lines matching a pattern.
• sed: Stream editor for filtering and transforming text.
• awk: Pattern scanning and processing language.

For a more comprehensive list, refer to our Full Command Reference.

System Administration

Administering a Linux system involves managing users, permissions, services, and software packages.

User and Group Management

Learn to add, remove, and manage users and groups:

sudo useradd newuser
sudo passwd newuser
sudo usermod -aG sudo newuser

Package Management

Installing and updating software using package managers:

• Debian/Ubuntu (APT):

sudo apt update
sudo apt install packagename

• Red Hat/CentOS/Fedora (YUM/DNF):

sudo yum update
sudo yum install packagename

Service Management (systemd)

Managing background services:

sudo systemctl start servicename
sudo systemctl stop servicename
sudo systemctl restart servicename
sudo systemctl enable servicename
sudo systemctl disable servicename

Networking Configuration

Configure network interfaces, firewalls, and DNS settings.

Basic Network Configuration

Using tools like ip and ifconfig to view and configure network interfaces.

ip addr show
sudo ip link set eth0 up
sudo ip addr add 192.168.1.100/24 dev eth0

Firewall Management (ufw/firewalld)

Securing your system with a firewall:

UFW (Uncomplicated Firewall) for Ubuntu:

sudo ufw enable
sudo ufw allow ssh
sudo ufw allow http

Troubleshooting Tips

Common issues and how to resolve them.

Checking System Logs

System logs are invaluable for diagnosing problems. Use journalctl for systemd-based systems.

journalctl -xe
journalctl -u servicename

Disk Space Issues

Identify large files or directories that are consuming disk space.

df -h
du -sh /var/log/* | sort -rh | head -n 10