ls |
List directory contents |
ls [options] [path] |
ls -la /home/user |
cp |
Copy files and directories |
cp [options] source target |
cp -r src/ dest/ |
ping |
Check connectivity to a host |
ping [options] host |
ping -c 4 example.com |
curl |
Transfer data from or to a server |
curl [options] URL |
curl -O https://site.com/file.zip |
top |
Display running processes |
top |
top |
df |
Report file system disk space usage |
df [options] |
df -h |
grep |
Search text using patterns |
grep [options] pattern file |
grep -i "error" log.txt |
awk |
Pattern scanning and processing language |
awk 'program' file |
awk '{print $1}' data.txt |