Azure Virtual Networks – Documentation

Introduction to Azure Virtual Networks

Azure Virtual Network (VNet) is the fundamental building block for private networking in Azure. It enables many types of Azure resources, such as Azure Virtual Machines (VM), to securely communicate with each other, the internet, and on-premises networks.

Key Features

Isolated network environment.
Subnet segmentation.
VNet Peering for inter‑VNet connectivity.
Integration with Azure Firewall, Network Security Groups, and Azure VPN Gateway.
Support for IPv4 and IPv6.

Typical Use Cases

Scenario	Benefit
Multi‑tier application	Isolate web, app, and database tiers in separate subnets.
Hybrid connectivity	Connect on‑premises data centers via VPN or ExpressRoute.
Secure micro‑services	Apply network policies per service using NSGs.

Sample ARM Template

JSON

Bicep

{
  "$schema": "https://schema.management.azure.com/schemas/2019-04-01/deploymentTemplate.json#",
  "contentVersion": "1.0.0.0",
  "resources": [
    {
      "type": "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks",
      "apiVersion": "2022-07-01",
      "name": "myVNet",
      "location": "[resourceGroup().location]",
      "properties": {
        "addressSpace": {
          "addressPrefixes": ["10.0.0.0/16"]
        },
        "subnets": [
          {
            "name": "frontend",
            "properties": { "addressPrefix": "10.0.1.0/24" }
          },
          {
            "name": "backend",
            "properties": { "addressPrefix": "10.0.2.0/24" }
          }
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}

resource myVNet 'Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks@2022-07-01' = {
  name: 'myVNet'
  location: resourceGroup().location
  properties: {
    addressSpace: {
      addressPrefixes: [
        '10.0.0.0/16'
      ]
    }
    subnets: [
      {
        name: 'frontend'
        properties: {
          addressPrefix: '10.0.1.0/24'
        }
      }
      {
        name: 'backend'
        properties: {
          addressPrefix: '10.0.2.0/24'
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}