Overview of Azure Networking
Azure Networking provides a comprehensive suite of services for connecting Azure resources to each other, to the internet, and to your on-premises environments. It is the backbone of your cloud infrastructure, ensuring secure, reliable, and high-performance connectivity.
Key Concepts
- Virtual Network (VNet): The fundamental building block for your private network in Azure. It allows you to provision and manage a logically isolated section of the Azure cloud.
- Subnets: VNet is divided into subnets, which are ranges of IP addresses within the VNet.
- Network Security Groups (NSGs): Act as a virtual firewall for your VNets to control inbound and outbound traffic at the IP packet level.
- Azure Firewall: A cloud-native, intelligent network firewall as a service that protects your Azure Virtual Network resources.
- Load Balancer: Distributes network traffic from clients to backend resources, improving application availability and responsiveness.
- Application Gateway: A web traffic load balancer that enables you to manage traffic to your web applications.
- VPN Gateway: Securely connect your on-premises networks to Azure VNets via Site-to-Site VPNs, or connect individual users via Point-to-Site VPNs.
- ExpressRoute: Provides private, dedicated, and high-throughput connections between your on-premises infrastructure and Microsoft Azure.
Common Use Cases
- Securing communication between virtual machines.
- Connecting on-premises data centers to Azure.
- Distributing traffic to improve application availability and performance.
- Enforcing network security policies.
- Creating highly available and scalable web applications.
Getting Started
The best way to understand Azure Networking is to start building. Here are some essential resources:
Example: Creating a Network Security Group Rule
You can define rules to allow or deny traffic to and from your Azure resources. Here's a conceptual example of an inbound rule using Azure CLI:
az network nsg rule create \
--resource-group MyResourceGroup \
--nsg-name MyNSG \
--name AllowSSH \
--priority 110 \
--direction Inbound \
--access Allow \
--protocol Tcp \
--src-port-range '*' \
--dst-port-range 22 \
--src-address-prefix '*' \
--dst-address-prefix '*'