Create Models in Azure Analysis Services
This document guides you through the process of creating tabular models in Azure Analysis Services. Tabular models provide a powerful way to organize and analyze data, enabling rich business intelligence solutions.
Prerequisites
- An Azure Analysis Services server instance.
- Permissions to create or manage models on the server.
- A data source to connect to (e.g., Azure SQL Database, Azure Synapse Analytics, SQL Server).
- A client tool capable of developing tabular models, such as Visual Studio with the SQL Server Data Tools (SSDT) or the Tabular Editor.
Methods for Creating Models
1. Using Visual Studio with Analysis Services Projects Extension
This is the most common and recommended method for developing tabular models from scratch.
Step 1: Install the Extension
If you don't have it already, install the "Analysis Services projects" extension for Visual Studio from the Visual Studio Marketplace.
Note: Ensure you are using a compatible version of Visual Studio (e.g., Visual Studio 2019 or 2022).
Step 2: Create a New Project
- Open Visual Studio.
- Go to File > New > Project.
- In the "Create a new project" dialog, search for "Analysis Services".
- Select "Analysis Services Tabular Project" and click Next.
- Provide a Project name, Location, and Solution name, then click Create.
Step 3: Configure Project Properties
Once the project is created, you need to configure its properties to connect to your Azure Analysis Services server.
- In Solution Explorer, right-click on your project and select Properties.
- Under the General tab, configure the Deployment Server Name to your Azure Analysis Services server name (e.g.,
yourservername.eastus.asazure.windows.net). - Set the Database Name to the desired name for your model.
- Choose the Data Modeling option (e.g., "Compatible with SQL Server 2022 Analysis Services").
Step 4: Add Data Sources
Connect to your underlying data sources to import data into your model.
- In Solution Explorer, right-click on the Data Sources folder and select Add Data Source.
- Choose your data source type (e.g., "SQL Server", "Azure SQL Database").
- Configure the connection string and credentials.
You can also use the Model menu to add tables and relationships directly.
Step 5: Create Tables and Relationships
Import tables from your data sources and define relationships between them to create a semantic model.
Visual Studio provides a drag-and-drop interface to create tables and a visual diagram to define relationships.
// Example: Adding a table through code (simplified representation)
// In a real scenario, this is done visually or via scripting
Add-Table -Name "DimProduct" -DataSource "MyDataSource"
Step 6: Define Measures and Calculations
Create measures using DAX (Data Analysis Expressions) to perform calculations and aggregations.
For example, to calculate total sales:
Total Sales = SUM(Sales[Amount])
Step 7: Deploy the Model
Deploy your model to your Azure Analysis Services server.
- Right-click on the project in Solution Explorer and select Deploy.
- Confirm the deployment settings and click Deploy.
2. Deploying Existing Tabular Model Projects
If you have an existing tabular model project (e.g., from SQL Server Analysis Services), you can deploy it directly to Azure Analysis Services.
- Open the project in Visual Studio.
- Configure the Deployment Server Name and Database Name in the project properties to point to your Azure Analysis Services instance.
- Build and deploy the project as described above.
3. Using Tabular Editor
Tabular Editor is a popular third-party tool for working with tabular models. It offers a powerful, scriptable interface for creating, managing, and deploying models.
- Download and install Tabular Editor.
- Connect to your Azure Analysis Services server.
- You can either create a new model from scratch within Tabular Editor or open an existing model for editing.
- Use Tabular Editor's interface or its C# scripting capabilities to define tables, relationships, measures, and other model objects.
- Save or deploy your changes directly to the Azure Analysis Services server.
Best Practices
- Normalize your data: Design your source data with a star or snowflake schema for optimal performance.
- Use efficient DAX: Write DAX formulas that are optimized for performance.
- Partitioning: For very large datasets, consider partitioning your tables to improve query performance and manageability.
- Regular testing: Test your model thoroughly with sample queries and BI tools to ensure accuracy and performance.