.NET Framework Architecture

The .NET Framework provides a comprehensive and consistent programming model for building applications that have visually stunning user experiences, seamless communication, and the ability to model a range of business processes. Its architecture is layered to enable developers to focus on the logic of their applications while the underlying runtime handles memory management, security, and other system concerns.

Key Components

• Common Language Runtime (CLR) – the execution engine that handles memory allocation, garbage collection, type safety, exception handling, and more.
• Base Class Library (BCL) – a large collection of reusable types that provide functionality for file I/O, networking, collections, etc.
• Managed Execution Environment – manages application domains, code verification, and just‑in‑time (JIT) compilation.
• Interoperability Services – allow managed code to interact with unmanaged code, COM components, and platform invoke (P/Invoke).
• Security Model – implements Code Access Security (CAS) and role‑based security for protecting resources.

Common Language Runtime (CLR)

Read more about the CLR architecture, its services, and how it executes managed code.

Base Class Library (BCL)

Explore the BCL to discover the extensive set of APIs available for building robust applications.

Managed Execution

Managed execution provides a sandboxed environment that ensures code runs safely. Details are available in the Managed Execution section.

Interoperability

Learn how .NET interacts with COM and native code in the Interop guide.

Security

The .NET security model enforces permissions at both the code and user level. More information can be found in the Security Model article.

Sample Code

using System;

namespace SampleApp
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Hello, .NET Framework!");
        }
    }
}