LOWER (Transact‑SQL)

Returns a character expression with each character converted to lowercase.

Syntax

LOWER ( string_expression )

Arguments

• string_expression: A character string, varchar, nvarchar, or text data type expression. The result is of the same data type as the input, except that text is converted to nvarchar(max).

Return Types

The data type of the return value matches the input type, with the exception noted above.

Examples

SELECT LOWER('Adventure Works');  
-- Result: adventure works

SELECT LOWER(FirstName) AS LowerFirstName
FROM Person.Person
WHERE LOWER(LastName) = 'smith';

Remarks

LOWER is deterministic unless the collation of the string expression is case‑insensitive or accent‑insensitive. In those cases, the function may be nondeterministic.

Related Functions

• UPPER
• LEN
• REPLACE