Web Fundamentals

Welcome to the Web Fundamentals tutorial. This section provides a comprehensive overview of the core technologies that power the modern web: HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. Understanding these building blocks is crucial for any aspiring web developer.

What are Web Fundamentals?

Web fundamentals refer to the foundational technologies that make up a web page or web application. These are:

HTML: The Skeleton of the Web

HTML is used to create the structure of web pages. It uses tags to define elements such as headings, paragraphs, images, links, and more. Here's a basic example:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>My First Web Page</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Hello, World!</h1>
    <p>This is a simple paragraph.</p>
    <a href="https://www.example.com">Visit Example.com</a>
</body>
</html>

CSS: The Art of Presentation

CSS is used to control the visual appearance of HTML elements. It allows you to define colors, fonts, layouts, and responsiveness. You can link a CSS file or embed styles directly.

body {
    font-family: 'Segoe UI', sans-serif;
    background-color: #f4f4f4;
    color: #333;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 20px;
}

h1 {
    color: #0078d4;
}

a {
    color: #005a9e;
    text-decoration: none;
}

a:hover {
    text-decoration: underline;
}

JavaScript: Bringing Web Pages to Life

JavaScript adds interactivity and dynamic behavior to web pages. It can be used for form validation, animations, updating content without reloading the page, and much more.

document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {
    const heading = document.querySelector('h1');
    heading.addEventListener('click', function() {
        alert('You clicked the heading!');
    });
});

Key Takeaway

Mastering HTML for structure, CSS for styling, and JavaScript for interactivity is the cornerstone of web development. Each plays a vital, interconnected role in creating user-friendly and engaging web experiences.

Further Learning

This tutorial provides a foundational understanding. For deeper dives, explore the following resources: